Method of making shovels



L. ROWLAND. METHOD OF MAKING SHOVELS.

Patented July 15, 1890.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LYNFORD ROWLAND, OF CHELTENHAM, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF MAKING SHOVELS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 432,331, dated July 15, 1890.

' Application filed September 16, 1889- Serial No. 324,049. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that LLYNFORD ROWLAND, of Cheltenham, Montgomery county, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improved Method of Manufacturing Shovels, of which the following is a true and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to the manufacture of shovels from sheet metal and with tubular sockets or tangs extending out from theback of the shovel to serve as or to receive a handle. Shovels of this kind have heretofore been made by swaging the blade into shape and partially forming the socket between one pair of dies, and then completing the socket by bending the partially-formed tang into a tube by the operation of another set of dies or by a hammer on a mandrel.

The object of my invention is to increase the rapidity and cheapness with which such shovels can be made; and my new process consists in forming the shovels from a sheet-metal blank by first swaging the blades to shape and partially forming the tang into a socket by the action of dies, as heretofore, and then completing the socket by passing the partially-formed tan gbetween concavely-grooved rolls.

Reference is now had tothe drawings which illustrate my invention, and in which Figures 1 and 2 are respectively perspective views of the upper and lower dies for swaging the blade to form and partially forming the tang. tudinal section through the two dies; Fig. 4, a cross-section through that portion of the dies which acts on the tang of the blank, showing the form given to said tang in these dies. Fig. 5 isa side view ofithe rolls which I use to complete the tang and form it into a round socket, a shovel being shown undertreatment in said rolls. Fig. 6 is a view of a sheet-metal blank such asI employ. Fig. 7 showssaid blank after it has been subjected to the action of the dies shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. Sis a perspective View of the back of a shovel, showing the tang formed into a socket by the rolls; and Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the rolls I employ in forming the sockets.

A is the upper die, having a projecting face Fig. 3 is a central longi a corresponding in form to the face of the shovel to be formed, and a recessed portion a corresponding to the outline of the desired socket-tang on its upper face.

B is the lower die, having acting faces I) and b complementary to the faces of the upper die. The blank, such as is shown in Fig. 6, is placed between these dies and swaged to the form shown in Fig. 7, the tang being given the shape in cross-section of an inverted U, as shown at F in Fig. 4. All this part of the treatment is, as already stated, old and in common use.

0 and D represent rolls, having concave faces a and d and with a portion of their circumference recessed or cutaway, as shown at c and (1 The acting face of the rolls between the ends 0 c and d d is equal in length, or nearly so, to the extent of the tang to be operated upon, and the back ends 0' and d are flared, as shown, so as to give thelower edges of the tang the curvature shown at f in Fig. 8, as it merges into the back of the shovelblade.

G represents the frame on which the rolls 0 and D are supported. Said rolls are of course driven in opposite directions, as shown by the arrows in Fig. 5. The actuating mechanism may be of any usual type, and is not shown in the drawings, save that cogs H and I are indicated as attached to the shafts of the rolls and gearing together, so that the rolls will maintain proper relative position.

E represents the blade of the blank or shovel, and F the tang or socket.

The blank having been swaged to the form given by the dies A and B,its U-shaped tang is introduced between the rolls 0 and D at such time as their recessed portions come opposite and permit this insertion. As the rolls revolve, the curved face of roll D comes in contact with the downwardly-extending lips of the U-shaped tang, while its curved upper side is held by the curved face of roll 0, and the two rolls acting together shape the tang into a rounded socket, allowing its rear end, however, to flare, as shown at f, by reason of the flared formation of the back ends a and d of the roll-faces. It is not important, however, whether the shovel-blank be introduced to the rolls with its face up or down, as they can of course be made to operate properly upon it and close the socket-tube in either claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters way. Patent, is 15 The tubular socket can, as I have ascer- The method of forming the soeketsof shovtained, be formed more rapidly and cheaply els, which consists in first striking the metal 5 in the way above described than by the use up into U form, and then finishing the socket of dies or mandrels, as heretofore, and the by subjeet-ingitto the action of the concavelysocket is completely formed by the rolls withgrooved rolling dies, substantially as de- 20 out distorting the curves given by the dies scribed. which perform the first stage of the opera-' T IO ti0n,so thatnothing remains after their action IA NFORD ROWLAND but to handle the shovels in the ordinary \Vitnesses: way. LEWIS R. DICK,

Having now describedmyinvention,what I JOSHUA MATLACK, Jr. 

